Painting of Mandala Maṇḍala (मण्डल) is a word meaning 'circle.' In the and religious traditions often takes a mandala form. The basic form of most Hindu and Buddhist mandalas is a square with four gates containing a circle with a. Mo creatures 1 9 4. By Erik Pema Kunsang, His Holiness Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche, Tsele Natsok Rangdrol, Yeshe Tsogyal Paperback: 336 pages; Publisher: North Atlantic Books, Rangjung Yeshe. Each gate is in the shape of a T. Mandalas often exhibit radial. These mandalas, concentric diagrams, have and significance in both. The term is of origin and appears in the as the name of the sections of the work, but is also used in other, particularly. In the branch of Buddhism, mandalas have been developed into. They are also a key part of meditation practices. In various spiritual traditions, mandalas may be employed for focusing attention of aspirants and adepts, as a spiritual teaching tool, for establishing a, and as an aid to and induction. According to the psychologist, its symbolic nature can help one 'to access progressively deeper levels of the unconscious, ultimately assisting the meditator to experience a mystical sense of oneness with the ultimate unity from which the cosmos in all its manifold forms arises.' The saw the mandala as 'a representation of the unconscious self,' [ ] and believed his paintings of mandalas enabled him to identify emotional disorders and work towards in personality. In common use, mandala has become a generic term for any plan, chart or geometric pattern that represents the metaphysically or symbolically, a of the from the human perspective. A Hindu Maṇḍala Kolam The term normally refers to Hindu contexts and practices, while maṇḍala normally refers to Buddhist contexts and practices. [ ] Yet the terms are also used interchangeably, and maṇḍala is sometimes used as a cross-over term in Hindu contexts. A yantra is a two- or three-dimensional geometric composition used in, or meditative rituals. It is thought to be the abode of the deity. Each yantra is unique and calls the deity into the presence of the practitioner through the elaborate symbolic geometric designs. According to one scholar, “Yantras function as revelatory symbols of cosmic truths and as instructional charts of the spiritual aspect of human experience' Many situate yantras as central focus points for Hindu tantric practice. Yantras are not representations, but are lived, experiential, nondual realities. As Khanna describes: Despite its cosmic meanings a yantra is a reality lived. Because of the relationship that exists in the Tantras between the outer world (the macrocosm) and man’s inner world (the microcosm), every symbol in a yantra is ambivalently resonant in inner-outer synthesis, and is associated with the subtle body and aspects of human consciousness. Note: maṇḍala is also the term used to describe any of the ten books of, a sacred Vedic and Hindu scripture (). Chenrezig Sand Mandala created at the on the occasion of the visit in May 2008 A kyil khor (: དཀྱིལ་འཁོར,: dkyil 'khor), Tibetan for mandala in Buddhism usually depicts a landscape of the ', or the enlightened vision of a Buddha, which inevitably represents the nature of experience and the intricacies of both the enlightened and confused mind, or 'a microcosm representing various divine powers at work in the universe.' Such mandalas consist of an outer circular mandala and an inner square (or sometimes circular) mandala with an ornately decorated mandala 'palace' placed at the center. Any part of the inner mandala can be occupied by Buddhist glyphs and symbols, as well as by images of its associated deities, which 'symbolise different stages in the process of the realisation of the truth.' (1975: p. 164) in his extended discussion of, discusses the relationship of interiority and exteriority in relation to mandala thus: '.external ritual and internal sadhana form an indistinguishable whole, and this unity finds its most pregnant expression in the form of the mandala, the sacred enclosure consisting of concentric squares and circles drawn on the ground and representing that adamant plane of being on which the aspirant to Buddha hood wishes to establish himself.
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